Jonathan Elmer (1745-1817) was an American statesman and physician who was born in New Jersey. He studied medicine in Philadelphia and received the degree of M.D. in 1781. Elmer was a member of the American Philosophical Society under its president, Benjamin Franklin and was appointed Sheriff by Franklin. He was also a member of the Provincial Congress of New Jersey in 1775 and the General Congress in 1776, and a United States senator for New Jersey from 1789 to 1790. Elmer served as a clerk for Cumberland County from 1776 to 1786 and was a surrogate from 1784 to 1792. He was married to Mary Seeley, daughter of Colonel Ephraim Seeley.